What Solutions Are Possible to the Free Rider Problem, Both Inside and Outside of Government free essay sample

Blueprint of the Chapter †¢ Bond evaluating and affectability of security estimating to loan cost changes †¢ Duration investigation †What is length? †What decides length? †¢ Convexity †¢ Passive security the executives †Immunization †¢ Active security the board 16-2 Interest Rate Risk †¢ There is a reverse connection between loan fees (yields) and cost of the securities. †¢ The adjustments in loan costs cause capital increases or misfortunes. †¢ This makes fixed-pay speculations unsafe. 16-3 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) 16-4 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) What elements influence the affectability of the securities to loan cost changes? †¢ Malkiel’s (1962) security estimating connections †Bond costs and yields are conversely related. †An expansion in a bond’s YTM brings about a littler value change than a lessening in yield of equivalent size. †Prices of long haul securities will in general be m ore touchy to loan cost changes than costs of momentary bonds. 16-5 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †The affectability of security costs to changes in yields increments at a diminishing rate as development increments. We will compose a custom article test on What Solutions Are Possible to the Free Rider Problem, Both Inside and Outside of Government or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page †Interest rate chance is contrarily identified with the bond’s coupon rate. Homer and Liebowitz’s (1972) security estimating relationship †The affectability of a bond’s cost to change in its yield is contrarily identified with the YTM at which the security right now is selling. 16-6 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †¢ Why and how unique security qualities influence financing cost affectability? 16-7 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †¢ Duration †Macaulay’s span: the weighted normal of the occasions to every coupon or head installment made by the security. †¢ Weight applied to every installment is the current estimation of the installment isolated by the bond cost. wt D CFt/(1 y ) t , Bondprice T wt t 1 t * wt t 1 16-8 Loan fee Risk (Continued) †¢ Example: 16-9 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †Duration is shorter than development for all securities with the exception of zero coupon securities. †Duration is equivalent to development for zero coupon bonds. †¢ Why length is significant? †Simple rundown measurement of the compelling normal development of the portfolio. †Tool for inoculating portfolios from loan fee hazard. †Measure of the financing cost affectability of a portfolio. 16-10 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †The drawn out securities are more delicate to loan cost developments than are transient securities. †By utilizing span we can evaluate this connection. P D (1 y ) 1 y 16-11 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †Modified Duration: †¢ Measure of the bond’s presentation to changes in financing costs. †¢ The rate change in security costs is only the result of adjusted span and the adjustment in the bond’s respect development. †¢ Note that the conditions are just roughly legitimate for enormous changes in the bond’s yield. D* P (1 D/(1 D* y) y) y 16-12 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †¢ What decides Duration? †The span of a zero-coupon bond approaches its opportunity to development. †Holding development consistent, a bond’s term is higher when the coupon rate is lower. Holding the coupon rate steady, a bond’s term by and large increments with its chance to development. †¢ For zero-coupon bonds the maturity=the span †¢ For coupon bonds term increments by not exactly a year with a year’s increment in development. 16-13 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) †Holdi ng different elements steady, the term of a coupon security is higher when the bond’s respect development is lower. †¢ At lower yields the more far off installments made by the security have generally more noteworthy present qualities and record for a more prominent portion of the bond’s complete worth. The length of a level unendingness is equivalent to: (1+y)/y †¢ The PV-weighted CFs right off the bat in the life of the interminability rule the calculation of span. 16-14 Interest Rate Risk (Continued) 16-15 Convexity †¢ By utilizing the term idea we can break down the effect of loan fee changes on security costs. †The rate change in the estimation of a security roughly approaches the result of adjusted length times the adjustment in the bond’s yield. †However on the off chance that this recipe were actually right, at that point the chart of the rate change in security costs as an element of the adjustment in ts yield would be a straigh t line, with a slant D*. 16-16 Convexity (Continued) †¢ The span rule is a decent estimation for little changes in security yields. †¢ The term estimate consistently downplays the estimation of the bond. †¢ It belittles the expansion in cost when yields fall. †¢ It overestimates the decrease in costs when yields rise. †¢Due to the ebb and flow of the genuine value yield relationshipconvexity 16-17 Convexity (Continued) †¢ Convexity is the pace of progress of the slant of the value yield bend, communicated as a small amount of the security cost. Higher convexity alludes to higher ebb and flow in the value yield relationship. †The convexity of noncallable bonds are generally positive. †The slant of the cuve that shows the cost yield connection increments at better returns. Convexity 1 P (1 y ) 2 n t 1 CFt (t 2 t ) (1 y )t 16-18 Convexity (Continued) †¢ We can improve the term estimate for bond value changes by considering for convexity. â⠂¬ ¢ The new condition becomes: P D y 1 [Convexity ( y ) 2 ] 2 †¢ The convexity turns out to be progressively significant when potential loan cost changes are bigger. 16-19 Convexity (Continued) †¢ Why convexity is significant? †¢ In the figure bond An is more raised than bond B. †¢The cost increments are more in A when loan fees fall. †¢The value diminishes are less in A when loan costs rise. 16-20 †¢ Callable Bonds Convexity (Continued) †When financing costs are high the bend is arched. The value yield bend lies over the intersection line evaluated by the term estimate. †When loan fees are low the bend is negative raised (sunken). The priceyield bend lies beolw the juncture line. 16-21 Convexity (Continued) In the locale of negative convexity the value yield bend shows an ugly asymmetry. †¢ Increase in loan fees causes a bigger cost decay than the cost increase because of the decline in financing costs. †¢ Bondholders are repaid with lower costs and more significant returns. †Effective Duration Effectiveduration P/P r 16-22 Convexity (Continued) †¢ Macaulay’s Duration †The weighted nor mal of the time until receipt of each bond installment. †¢ Modified Duration †Macaulay’s term separated by (1+y). †Percentage change in security cost per change in yield. †¢ Effective Duration Percentage change in security cost per change in showcase loan fees. 16-23 Convexity (Continued) †¢ Mortgage-Backed protections †as it were like callable bonds-subject to negative convexity. †If contract rates decline then property holders may choose to take another advance at lower rate and pay the head for the main home loan. †Thus there is a roof at the bond cost composed on these home loan advances as in callable bonds. 16-24 Passive Bond Management †¢ Passive directors take bond costs as genuinely set and attempt to control just the danger of their fixed-salary portfolio. Ordering Strategy †Attempts to repeat the presentation of a given security list. †A security list portfolio will have a similar hazard reward profile as the s ecurity showcase list to which it is tied. †¢ Immunization Strategy †Designed to shield the general money related status of the foundation from introduction to loan cost changes. †Try to build up a zero-hazard profile, in which loan fee developments have no effect on the estimation of the firm. 16-25 Passive Bond Management (Continued) †¢ Bond-Index Funds †Form a portfolio that reflects the arrangement of a file that quantifies the wide market. The significant bond records in USA are Lehman Aggregate Bond Index, Salomon Smith Barney Broad Investment Grade (BIG) Index, and Merill Lynch U. S. Expansive Market Index. †They are advertise esteem weighted lists of complete return. They incorporate government, corporate, contract upheld, and Yankee securities with development longer than a year. 16-26 Passive Bond Management (Continued) †They are difficult to duplicate in any case: †¢ There are in excess of 5000 protections. †¢ Rebalancing issue s †¢ Immunization †Banks and annuity assets by and large attempt to shield their portfolios from loan cost hazard inside and out. Banks attempt to secure the current total assets (net market estimation) of the firm against loan fee changes. †Pension finances attempt to secure the future estimation of their portfolios since they have a commitment to make installments following quite a long while. 16-27 Passive Bond Management (Continued) †Interest rate introduction of the benefits and the liabilites should coordinate so the estimation of advantages will follow the estimation of liabilities whether rates rise or fall. †Duration-coordinated resources and liabilities let the benefit potfolio meet firm’s commitments in spite of financing cost developments. 16-28 Inactive Bond Management (Continued) †What if financing costs change and the span of the benefits and liabilites don't coordinate? †¢ If financing costs increment the store (resource) the firm has will endure a capital misfortune which can influence its capacity to meet the firm’s obl

Dynamics of Leadership Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Elements of Leadership - Personal Statement Example Science Group venture: I was a pioneer in this undertaking. My obligations incorporated a determination of point, conveyance of assignments and ensuring the errands were finished in time. I was effective in it as I chose the Solar System venture and everybody was content with my determination. My gathering which comprised of four understudies other than I had recently chosen which theme to look over. We concluded that we will finish the errand in four days and accomplish all the work in Science class as our instructor gave us an opportunity to take a shot at our task. Cutting of planets, drawing, shading, and sticking were completely conveyed similarly. We all took an interest similarly in the venture and it was conveyed in time.â English Group Project: the class was separated into 3 gatherings. We used to sit in three lines so each line comprised of one gathering. We had a class test in which the group which offers the greater part of the responses won. I generally used to sit on the front work area, along these lines, my educator made me the pioneer. This was a troublesome undertaking for me on the grounds that being a Chinese it is hard to adapt up to elective English classes. I attempted to reply and make another answer yet everybody was terrified to do as such. I blew up and couldn't lead my group just as I didn't have a clue how to propel them.â Gathering Task (China Day Celebration): This was a national occasion, along these lines, we should embellish our school preceding it. This was an assignment including the entirety of the class. We needed to make our banner and compose excited messages for our nation. Each class should beautify their own study halls. The best-finished study hall should get the prize. I saw that numerous understudies didn't take an unmistakable fascination for it and attempted to put their assignments on others. This additional to the postponement in the finish of the venture and we didn't concoct great work when contrasted with the triumphant class.

George Orwell and the Necessity of Honesty

Vladimir Lenin, the main head of the Soviet Union, when expressed â€Å"A lie came clean with regularly enough becomes. † in the midst of comprehensive trickiness, it is just inborn for humankind to be blinded by reality in a tremendous ocean of misleads the point in which the demonstration of coming clean gets progressive. In George Orwell’s 1984, society is driven by the manufacture of reality trying to make an ideal world. Be that as it may, this endeavor simply makes a general public based upon untruths and corruption.Through this novel, George Orwell remarks on the need for people to come clean and stand up to falsehoods, trickery, and equivocation since mankind will confront adverse outcomes on the off chance that they don't. Orwell focuses on the significance of humankind to come clean by tending to the results of deceitfulness caused on mankind. In the novel 1984, the Party’s trademark, â€Å"Who controls the past controls what's to come. Who controls th e current controls the past,† uncovers the government’s interest to control all parts of peoples’ lives.By changing history, the Party has supreme intensity of the present, restricting the mental freedom of its subjects by controlling their understandings of the past. People are prohibited to keep any record of their past, for example, photos and reports, and all chronicles, extraordinary or little blur â€Å"away into a shadow-world in which, at long last, even the date of the year is unsure. † Therefore, the individuals from the general public are happy to put stock in any â€Å"truth† the Party takes care of them.Due to the dependence of power, humankind would turn out to be exceptionally childish and silly. Similarly as babies rely upon their parents’ direction, all of mankind would go about as meager youngsters, depending on power to guide them to reality. Individuals would for all intents and purposes have no memory of the past, so they would have no understanding of feelings and would not recognize what feelings really are. Accordingly, Orwell recommends that individuals would not develop as people since they would trust in anything authority lets them know, without questioning the false notion of it.In turn, people would not have the option to separate right from wrong. Orwell remarks on the need for people to go up against untruths, double dealing, and lie since people will confront craziness in the event that they don't. In the novel, when Winston is bound in the Ministry of Love, O’Brien holds up four fingers and orders Winston to state he is holding up five fingers, in spite of the misrepresentation of that announcement. However, Winston constantly says â€Å"four† and is truly tormented therefore. Until he can no longer bear the agony, Winston at last rackets, â€Å"Five. Five. Five. In any case, O’Brien blames Winston for lying and incurs all the more unbearable agony on him. By and b y, O’Brien asks, â€Å"How numerous fingers am I holding up, Winston? † Winston then cries, â€Å"I don’t know. I don’t know. I don’t know†¦Four, five, sixâ€in all trustworthiness I don’t know! † This uncovers human encounter with untruths, double dealing, and equivocation prompts outright craziness. Orwell remarks on the act of doublethink as shameless and mentally harming to the human psyche. This thus will influence the satisfaction of people, leaving them without trust and motivation to live.Thus, the central matter of mankind would be serve the legislature and please authority. The quest for even the most straightforward truth among the best lies can be tricky in light of the fact that it simple for people to be blinded by reality. Through the novel 1984, Orwell voices his detestation on the human endeavor in making an ideal world, and he significantly complements the human requirement for people to come clean and go up a gainst falsehoods, trickery, and equivocation. In the long run, if mankind doesn't do precisely this, the eventual fate of society will prompt an extreme destruction.

5 Reasons to Go Into an Allied Healthcare Career

5 Reasons to Go Into an Allied Healthcare Career perhaps you need to work in social insurance, however you don’t have the choice to experience escalated preparing or confirmation. there are some well-paying, energizing fields that don’t require this sort of arrangement, however which can in any case be extraordinarily fulfilling. there are employments you can stand to seek after, even without a customary advanced degree. that being stated, here are 5 reasons you ought to go into a partnered human services career.1. flexibilitywhile a propelled degree can just give you an additional lift, it isn't required using any and all means. partnered social insurance positions, such as being an expert or technologist, can give you incredible quality preparing quick. you can work in a wide range of settings, all around the globe. despite the fact that each state and organization may have marginally various necessities, you’ll think that its simple to move around and be qualified in various pieces of the nation when you nee d a difference in scenery.2. satisfactionyou could do a lot of more regrettable than helping individuals, working next to each other with other submitted people like you, making the world a more secure and more advantageous spot. these occupations truly can have any kind of effect in people’s lives and can be colossally fulfilling.3. securitythis field keeps on developing at paces of practically 25% every year. with lower prerequisites and high progression potential, these employments give extraordinary pay rates and great resilience over a wide scope of fields.4. competitionstarting pay rates in this field rival positions requiring significantly more involvement with different fields. furthermore, the advantages will in general be nearly very generous.5. military advantagesif you have any enthusiasm for one day seeking after a vocation in the military, at that point working in the partnered medicinal services callings can be amazingly useful. there are incredible advantages to a military vocation, including helping individuals, serving your nation, and great, minimal effort protection. on the off chance that you need to get working in the near future, consider this course to your social insurance career!interested? apply here

How to Write a College Scholarship Essay That Will Stand Out

How to Write a College Scholarship Essay That Will Stand OutStudents who need to write a college scholarship essay for their essay writing assignment should consider using the 'easiest' method first. This is to get the student started in writing the essay that they can then move on to the more difficult method.The easiest method of writing the essay can be the same method that students use for all assignments. It would simply mean that they will need to put their thoughts and feelings into the essay and that they will also need to start with a thesis statement.The main focus of a how to write a college scholarship essay can be summed up in a single sentence. The essay should start with a topic that is based around the topic of your essay. The focus should be on what the reader wants to know about you and this can be in the form of a thesis statement.There is a good reason why many college students have problems with getting started when it comes to writing an essay. They simply do no t know how to start their essay, or they feel as if they are being told exactly what to write in the beginning. All of this can be a part of the easy way.The simplest way of writing an essay does not require much time and it does not require any other steps involved. It involves simply writing the topic first and following it up with a summary of why the topic is important. Then it will be up to the writer to put their thoughts into words and write about the importance of the topic.When it comes to how to write a college scholarship essay, it is recommended that you use some of the same strategies that you use when you write other types of essays. This will help with bringing the same types of writing to the essay. It will also make the essay easier for students to read and not lose focus.Another important thing to remember is that a successful essay is not one that can be written quickly. A well-written essay takes a great deal of thought and attention to detail. So to start off wi th, start off by writing the thesis statement first, this will give students a feel of what type of essay they should expect from you.If you are having trouble coming up with different ideas that you can use then check out the internet. You can find online sources that can help you write the essay at no cost. You will find templates that you can use to help you write the essay the easy way.

Mayors of NYC and London on Campus Today COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Mayors of NYC and London on Campus Today COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Today SIPA students have the opportunity to hear from the Mayors of both NYC and London.   As part of the World Leaders Forum the following event is taking place today on campus. THINKING BIG New York and London: Heading Back to the Top Date: September 15, 2009 from 8:30 AM to 12:30 PM Location: Rotunda, Low Memorial Library This program, featuring Mayors Michael Bloomberg of New York and Boris Johnson of London, is the keystone of a three-day conference in New York planned as the kickoff for continuing discussion between these two great cities.   During the conference and beyond, invited participants will focus on major issues facing New York and London: the future of their financial sectors, the diversification of their economies, building and maintaining their capital plants, and expanding housing affordability. Presented by: The Center for Rethinking Development at the Manhattan Institute The Center for Urban Innovation at the Regional Plan Association The School of International and Public Affairs Global Mayors Forum Columbia University World Leaders Forum

Classics English Literature Essay - 1650 Words

Classics English Literature (Essay Sample) Content: WritingClassics English Literature Customers NameCustomers Grade CourseCustomer tutors NameDate Outline This is a book which gives concrete evidences on the presentations by Thomas Paine in his text The Age of Reason. This paper comes up with a thesis statement which forms of the basis in which this paper has been discussed. This paper presents exact evidences and views which had been presented by Thomas Paine in his text, and critically presenting the views which the author had been able to present to his readers the whole world. Basically, Thomas Paines views had been against the church and Christian provisions in the religious teachings which had been passed down in the Bible from the past to the present generation.Introduction Different authors will use literature in passing across their views which they greatly believe can have impacts on their societies. As well, such form of presentation can be given in an approach so that a given postulation or idea may be pas sed across to the reader. In other words, the use of literature can be greatly beneficial when we want to drive home and into the ears of men our grandest thoughts and views of reason. The past years have been filled with great writers who have been able to achieve information and knowledge passage to the greatest majority of individuals (Claeys 38). In this case, one of the considerable revelations of this information passage can be deduced from The Age of Reason, which was a pamphlet text written by Thomas Paine. In his book, Paine does depict much of the Bible and proves to the reader that it is undeniably reconcilable. According to Paine, he attacks the Bible by arguing that it shows and presents the weakest evidence which can be presented by man to God. The Age of Reason which was written by Paine was nothing but a piece of delicate document which is a pure investigation of the fabulous and true theology based on deistic approach and intervention. Paine sees the institutionaliz ed religion and challenges of the religion to be weak and out of order, something which makes the evidences in the religion and the Bible extremely illegitimate.Paines Arguments as Presented in the Age Of Reason The Age of Reason is a critical piece of pamphlet which was written in an attempt to criticize the institutionalized religion and the major challenges which disprove the legitimacy the Holy Bible. Having been published in three parts between 1794 and in 1807, it was able to cause a short-lived form of deistic rejuvenation and revival. However, in some parts of the world such as in Britain in which it was received with great hatred and hostility. In the Age of Reason, Pained presented a common deistic view and arguments in which he analyses the first weakness in the Church to be the increased corruption which had become the favorite for majority of the Christians (Thompson 31). During the same time, Paine was keen to observe that the Church had been so much involved in an eff ort and progression towards the acquisition of political power which should not be the progression of the church whatsoever since the obligation of the Church was in the preparation of humanity for a higher form of understanding. Because of this, the author did see the religion belief to be greatly mistaken and unable to give satisfaction to the people within the religious faith.Another piece of evidence in arguing against the church was in his advocacy that, in the place of what is known as revelation as presented in the Bible, and thus he ended up leading to an argument that he was able to reject any form of miracles and by so doing viewing the Bible to be nothing of a greater purpose, but just some form of an ordinary literary piece and not in all an inspired piece of literature as many had been preaching (Thompson 38). In that case, Paine went ahead to argue that the Bible must be some form of book which had been written by Man in an attempt to promote the natural religion and b y so doing be able to argue and propose for a creator being, and a God who shall judge man in the very end. Paine as well noted this piece of creation to have been invented by man as a way of fostering social contract and make man a good creature who shall not injure fellow man, and by so doing ensure that mens peace had been protected form fellow men. Due to this kind of suggestion as passed across by Paine, many people had been banned from purchasing the book. Many copies had been destroyed in countries such as Britain since it had been leading the people astray (Thompson 76). However, despite all the interventions which had been put in place to prevent the progression of the information to the majority of people, Paine was able to make deism as something very accessible as well as appealing to a large group of people. In an approach to pass his point home, Paine started his first part with the Creed, and here he did give his view that he strongly believed in only one God, and wo uld not believe something else. As well he hoped to achieve better happiness once the present life was over. He as well did believe in the equality of all men in general, and as well believed in religious duties which should be able to offer nothing but justice, give caring mercy, and as well as endeavoring in making all fellow-creatures to be happy the whole world over (Claeys 50). From the creed, many would think that Paine was on the side of the religious faith, but goes ahead to show that there were very many things which did not give the Church a prestige which it really deserved. He thus goes ahead to give his views on how he had found it very hard not to believe entirely with what had been professed and taught within the Jewish Church, the Roman Church, and also with the Greek Churches, and all other Protestant Churches as well. Intelligently, Paine went ahead to prove to man that the true church was the one that existed only in his own mind (Thompson 71).Paine made himself v ery clear that what he had been passing across to the people was not making a declaration of condemning the individuals who had been believing otherwise. He does this by saying that all people, including himself, had the right to believe any belief, or not to. But he did argue that it was necessary for the happiness of any man to be from the faithfulness on himself. However, Paine viewed infidelity to be something which cannot in any way exist in the power of believing, or even in disbelieving. This gave the reason why he never believed in the teachings of the church, though he himself could tell what would have been necessary for him in terms of his faith and religious belief. Looking keenly at the establishments of Paines creed, it should be noted that it critically comes up with an encapsulation of the major themes which form part of his text (Claeys 98). These themes have been based on the firm belief for a creator-God, the skepticism which regards most of the supernatural claim s which come in human life and later in life, and even afterwards after the end of it (Paine 43). He as well gave a critical conviction on the virtues and how they should keenly be derived from having a consideration on others, and not on oneself. This was also brought to a concise conclusion by establishing how ones right for his conscience was something prophetic and of great importance.Paine goes ahead to come up with a...

Rice University Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores

Rice University is a private research university with an acceptance rate of 11%. Located in Houston, Texas, the university boasts a multi-billion-dollar endowment, a 6-to-1  student/faculty ratio, a median class size of 15, and a residential college system. In athletics, the Rice Owls compete in the NCAA Division I  Conference USA  (C-USA). To apply, students can use the  Common Application or Coalition Application. Rice has an Early Decision program that can improve admission chances for students who are sure the university is their top choice school. Considering applying to this highly selective school? Here are the Rice University admissions statistics you should know. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Rice University had an acceptance rate of 11%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 11 were admitted, making Rices admissions process highly competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 20,923 Percent Admitted 11% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 41% SAT Scores and Requirements Rice requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 60% of admitted student submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 700 760 Math 750 800 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that most of Rices admitted students fall within the top 7% nationally on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Rice scored between 700 and 760, while 25% scored below 700 and 25% scored above 760. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 750 and 800, while 25% scored below 750 and 25% scored a perfect 800. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1560 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Rice University. Requirements At Rice University the SAT writing section is optional. Note that Rice participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. At Rice, SAT Subject tests are recommended but not required. Applicants who elect to submit SAT Subject tests scores should choose tests based on their selected area of study. ACT Scores and Requirements Rice University requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 70% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 33 35 Math 31 35 Composite 33 35 This admissions data tells us that most of Rice Universitys admitted students fall within the top 2% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Rice received a composite ACT score between 33 and 35, while 25% scored above 35 and 25% scored below 33. Requirements At Rice University the ACT writing section is optional. Unlike many universities, Rice superscores ACT results; your highest subscores from multiple ACT sittings will be considered. GPA Rice University does not provide data about admitted students high school GPAs. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Rice University Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Rice University. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and  calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Rice University has a highly competitive admissions pool with a low acceptance rate and high average SAT/ACT scores. However, Rice has a holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous high school schedule. Students with particularly compelling stories or meaningful achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their test scores are outside of Rices average range. If youre applying to Rice, you should  consider the school a reach  even if you have exceptional grades and standardized test scores. The graph above illustrates why. Many students with unweighted A averages and extremely high standardized test scores were still rejected by Rice University. All admissions data has been sources from the National Center for Education Statistics and Rice University Undergraduate Admissions Office.

Gender Identity and Role Development Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Further emphasis on me being a girl, by showing me what I should like and which are boy things to do. Finally, I was instructed how to dress and act, with the constant barrage of statements starting with little girls don t do that .However, the age of seven was not the age where I finally understood myself as a female person. Kohlberg s theory does not acknowledge that gender identity and roles continue to develop, alter and change with time during a person s life, and therefore, are not limited to the childhood (Cox, 2008 and Sammons, nd). For example, I was able to understand my true physical appearance and role as a female upon reaching puberty. Before that, the play times playing a mother only meant having a little baby to feed and tuck into sleep. I truly began to understand the complexity of the role of a mother upon reaching teenage. I was able to demonstrate another shortcoming of this theory that a person, although aware of his or her gender, may not show interest in the s tereotypical roles or activities that that society presents to them (Sammons, nd). We will write a custom essay sample on Gender Identity and Role Development or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page

African American Theater Essays - 1964 Words

Over the course of approximately one-hundred years there has been a discernible metamorphosis within the realm of African-American cinema. African-Americans have overcome the heavy weight of oppression in forms such as of politics, citizenship and most importantly equal human rights. One of the most evident forms that were withheld from African-Americans came in the structure of the performing arts; specifically film. The common population did not allow blacks to drink from the same water fountain let alone share the same television waves or stage. But over time the strength of the expectant black actors and actresses overwhelmed the majority force to stop blacks from appearing on film. For the longest time the performing arts were†¦show more content†¦Ã‚‘The Tom represented the African-American who was badgered and controlled by the white population. This person was the one who endured all of the abuse from any white person who was in the position of superiority. B ogle defines him as, the harassed hounded, flogged, enslaved, and insulted. They keep the faith, and stay true to their masters always remaining kind and selfless. Thus they endear themselves to white audiences and emerge as heroes of sorts (6). One of the most prevalent plays where this type of black characters emerged was given the name, Uncle Toms Cabin. This theatrical production came about during the 1850s. It gave an overview of Harriet Beecher Stowes (a white women who was against slavery) claim that white Americans imagine themselves as suffering slaves. In this production whites in blackface played Tom, Eliza, and Topsy . This construction was very controversial; Michael Rogin gives a brief summary and comment on this in his book, Blackface, Whitenoise: The production of Uncle Toms Cabin was not only embracing slaves but also supporting antislavery politics. There was considerable overlap, to be sure, between the proslavery and sentimental abolitionist structures of feeling, for maternalistShow MoreRelatedAfrican American Theatre And American Theater1902 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican-American Theatre has gone through exponential changes throughout the course of American history. They have made a push towards defining theatre for a whole of African-American culture. In doing so, African-American actors, directors, technicians, and theatre entrepreneurs strive to be the very best in their field and â€Å"create a true American theatre† (Miller 335). The theatre challenges thespians to hold onto their roots but branch out and mingle with the culture of today. The African-AmericanRead MoreAngela Weld Grimke: Agent of Change 954 Words   |  4 Pagessomething she would strive for in her everyday life. Angelina Weld Grimke was the first African American make it big in theater. 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How Humor Heals - 647 Words

How humor heals Introduction grabber: Charlie Chaplin once said, â€Å"To truly laugh, you must be able to take your pain and play with it.† credibility: Through lots of research and experience I have came up with this conclusion, and when I did a research on this, I discover it is true. why: Have you ever need to cheer up, combat fear, feel more comfortable, relax, reduces pain or reduce stress? Well I have the solution. central idea: Laughter can make a person feel better, it’s truly the best medicine. purpose: All of the tools to combat depression and sadness, humor is by far the most fun. Besides, by know how humor heals, you can help a friend that is in problems. thesis: Humor has interesting healing powers that help us reduce stress, spread happiness, even combat fear. preview: Today I will show you scientific studies that proves that humor really heals. Body main points (CD): Humor combats fear. Humor comforts. Humor relaxes. Humor reduces pain. Humor boosts the immune system. Humor reduces stress. Humor spreads happiness. Humor cultivates optimism. Humor helps communication. Support/Concrete Details: Laughter relaxes the whole body. A good, hearty laugh relieves physical tension and stress, leaving your muscles relaxed for up to 45 minutes after. Laughter boosts the immune system. Laughter decreases stress hormones and increases immune cells and infection-fighting antibodies, thus improving your resistance to disease. Laughter triggers the release of endorphins,Show MoreRelatedHumor in the Halls of an Asylum in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest763 Words   |  3 Pages Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, portrays humor in a powerful, obvious form. Usually, mentally-unstable people do not understand what it means to laugh and simple do not see humor in the everyday things other high-functioning people do. Their lives, lived tragically, consist of them wandering the cold bland hallways of the asylum. Forgetting how to live, they permit the harsh watch of the head nurse. The patients seem lifeless because they do not comprehend what life is. Since theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Patch Adams 921 Words   |  4 Pageschanges when he realizes his passion is helping others feel better by using humor. Soon after Patch enrolls in a Virginia medical school where he encounters numerous problems with his view on healing people versus the college s professional outlook. In particular, the school s Dean has some major strife with Patch. He believes in a strict and business like approach in treating patients whereas, Patch believes humor can heal patients better. Patch may have been on to something since science itselfRead MoreAn Analysis Of Ken Kesy s One Flew Over The Cuckoo s Nest1244 Words   |  5 PagesIn Ken Kesy’s One Flew over the Cuckoo s Nest, humor is present in a very powerful form. Normally, insane people don’t have the capacity to laugh or find the humor in something as would normal people do. They live tragic existences, wandering day by day in the bland, depressing world of an asylum. They have forgotten how to live because they are under the commanding rule of the head nurse, and under the behavioral influence of drug doses and bossy orderlies. The patients’ laughter is a therapeuticRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Ancient Greece And Greek Medicine1675 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will compare the remarkable historic medical practices of Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece. I will explore the different factors and unique evidence that contributed to the early medical development of each an cient complex civilization and how they formed the basis for modern medical practice today. 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Letter to a Friend of Different Racial Group Free Essays

Letter to a Friend of Different Racial Group Ethics/125 June 25, 2012 University of Phoenix My Friend, African Americans have long showed perseverance, persistence, and productivity in many aspects of United States History. When discussing African Americans the association is usually the civil rights movements of the 1960s and slavery before the Civil War, but African American History as an ethnic group and a society is much more than the atrocities that the group faced throughout U. S. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to a Friend of Different Racial Group or any similar topic only for you Order Now History and of today. Throughout the history of the United States, African Americans have experience adversities, overcome great odds, and have made a noticeable impact on U. S. culture, politics, and social understandings. The African American culture can trace much of their roots back to the slave trades of the 16th century. Historians agree that the first African Americans were brought to America by San Miguel de Guadalupe to be used as slave work force, and settled in what is now known as South Carolina. Shortly after, disputes over leadership of the colony lead to fighting, which the African slaves took advantage of by revolting, escaping, and sought refuge with local Native American tribes. The first Africans brought to English occupied America were brought to Jamestown, Virginia in 1619, due to many English settlers dying from the harsh conditions, to work as laborers. Many historians believe that the first African Americans who were brought to early English America were not brought as slaves, rather indentured servants. In fact, the Africans who occupied early English America could legally raise crops and cattle to purchase their freedom, and by the 1640s and 1650s, several African families came to own farms near Jamestown and actually became wealthy in colonial standards. What is now related to the African American slave era technically started in the early 1600s when the Dutch West India Company introduced the first 11 slaves in present day New York in 1625, but the concept of a race-based slave system did not come about until the 18th century. The colonial 1700s in America gave rise to the modern concept of slavery for the sear fact of a need of a workforce. The colonies fertile lands and abundant resources lead to commodities that Europe needed and wanted, thus African American slavery began to fill the need of a workforce and gave rise to the race-based slave system in Colonial America. This race-based slave system continued through the American Revolution and into the Civil War. When President Abraham Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation the reign of slavery in the United States was made illegal, freeing the roughly 3. million slaves (in legal terms only. ) Many states that supported slavery continued to support slavery until Union troops were sent to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation, of these states, Texas was the last to be emancipated in 1865. Along with the Emancipation Proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln, during this time in U. S. history Congress ratified the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the United States Constitutions. These amendments became known as â€Å"the Civil War amendments. The Civil War Amendments made slavery illegal, entitled African Americans to the title of natural born citizen and helped protect the rights of freed slaves, and entitled African American’s (males) the right to vote respectively. African Americans although freed by legal standards, faced a long road of racism, prejudice, and discrimination. The African American community rose against the oppression they faced during the times of the civil rights movement. This period of U. S. history would not only shape African American futures, but the countries future as a whole and lead to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 outlawed major forms of discrimination against African Americans and women, and is a crucial legal reference for acts of discrimination. Although African Americans faced and still face discrimination, the perseverance and determination of those past and present have lead to a more unified United States and a less discriminative population as a whole. Although much of African American history has been that of negative aspects, African Americans play and have played a prime role in the shaping of culture, the arts, music, other forms of culture, and social elements of the American way of life. Roots of African Americans influence on music such as Jazz and Blues can be traced to the songs of inspiration sang by slaves on plantations. African American influence can be seen in dance in such Swing forms the Lindy Hop, which originated in Harlem around 1927. The impact of African culture on the mainstream culture of America can be seen in many forms, of which are numerous. The African American impact on culture is apparent in the south, as much of the interaction between the population and African Americans was experienced in the southern states. When discussing African Americans the association is usually the civil rights movements of the 1960s and slavery before the Civil War, but African American History as an ethnic group and a society is much more than the atrocities that the group faced throughout U. S. History and of today. Throughout the history of the United States, African Americans have experience adversities, overcome great odds, and have made a noticeable impact on U. S. culture, politics, and social understandings. African Americans as an ethnic group and as people have faced discrimination and rose above to become the largest minority group in the United States. The following quote â€Å"have we not come to such an impasse in the modern world that we must love our enemies – or else? The chain reaction of evil – hate begetting hate, wars producing more wars – must be broken, or else we shall be plunged into the dark abyss of annihilation† (Martin Luther King, Jr. ) embodies the new American ideal shaped by the African American perseverance and ability to overcome. Works Cited â€Å"African American.   Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/African_American. â€Å"African-American Culture. †Ã‚  Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Mar. 2012. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/African-American_culture. â€Å"Civil War Amendments. †Ã‚  ThinkQuest. Oracle Foundation. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. http://libr ary. thinkquest. org/J0112391/civil_war_amendments. htm. â€Å"The Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965: Introduction. †Ã‚  Www. watson. org. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. http://www. watson. org/~lisa/blackhistory/civilrights-55-65/index. html. Related essay: â€Å"Co Curricular Activities Letter† How to cite Letter to a Friend of Different Racial Group, Essay examples

Holistic Health Assessment

Question: Write about theHolistic Health Assessment. Answer: State when a temperature measurement is considered not within normal range, and what are the indicators from the case study that Tony may have a temperature above normal range? Tonys skin is warm to touch. This is one of the indicators that he could be having a body temperature above the normal range. Besides, Tonys vital signs show that he has a temperature of 37.9C. This s above normal rage since a person with normal body temperature has a temperature of 37C (Sund-Levander, Grodzinsky, 2013). However, this can vary due to several factors that the body might be subjected to such as environment, food intake, and diseases among others. In healthy individuals, the average daily temperature can vary with 0.5C. The daily variations that are notable in normal individuals are within the range of 0.25 to 0.5C (Sund-Levander, Grodzinsky, 2013). This is because the body has mechanisms to adapt to the changes in the environment and make corrections in the body temperature. However, changes in sleep cycles can affect the adaptive correction of the body, and the circadian temperature rhythm can change as well. Define systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurement, and what are the indicators from the case study that Tony may have a blood pressure above normal range? Systolic blood pressure is the measure of the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart beats. On the other hand, diastolic blood pressure is the measure of the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart rests between beats. Tonys lifestyle puts him at risk of having heart diseases and in this, he could be having blood pressure above normal range. He watches television all day, eats food that increase his cholesterol. Levels, and drinks a lot of coffee that is a stimulant. Even the vital signs indicate that he has blood pressure above the normal range. Tony has a blood pressure of 145/78 mmHg. Therefore, his blood pressure is above the normal range because the systolic pressure is more than the usual 120. A person that has normal blood pressure will have a measure of less than 120/80 mmHg ("Blood pressure", n.d.). On the other hand, with 140/90 mmHg or greater are considered to be having high blood pressure. Therefore, Tony has high blood pressure. Based on Tonys current lifestyle, what are the 2 modifiable risk factors? Using the resources provided on the vUWS site, discuss one intervention in the prevention of one of the modifiable risk factors? Tony does not cook and instead opts to eat takeaway foods that have lots of fat since they are usually deep-fried for more than three days in a week. As such, the foods lead to high cholesterol levels in Tonys blood. The high cholesterol levels can result in clogs in the arteries hence a reduction in the amount blood oxygen ("Heart attack risk factors", n.d.). The poor oxygen supply can lead a weak heart that will eventually be damaged and result in the death of Tony. The other risk factor that can lead to heart problems is the lack of physical activities that help in reducing the risks. However, Tony does not engage in physical activities and instead spend most of the time watching the television. The inactivity of Tony puts him at risk of developing coronary heart diseases because his body cannot regulate the use of insulin ("Department of Health | Cardiovascular disease", n.d.). However, Tony has the opportunity of preventing these risks by changing his lifestyle. For instance, he can engage in physical exercises such as long walking, running, joining a gym club and playing some games such as basketball. The activities will make sure that his idle time is utilized well while reducing risks of getting heart diseases as opposed to watching television all day. References Blood pressure. The Heart Foundation. Retrieved 29 April 2017, from https://heartfoundation.org.au/your-heart/know-your-risks/blood-pressure Department of Health | Cardiovascular disease. Health.gov.au. Retrieved 29 April 2017, from https://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/chronic-cardio#ris Heart attack risk factors. The Heart Foundation. Retrieved 29 April 2017, from https://heartfoundation.org.au/your-heart/know-your-risks/heart-attack-risk-factors Sund-Levander, M., Grodzinsky, E. (2013). Assessment of body temperature measurement options. British Journal Of Nursing, 22(15), 882-888. https://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2013.22.15.882

SURGEON GENERALS WARNING Environmental Tobacco Smoke Causes Lung Canc

SURGEON GENERAL'S WARNING: Environmental Tobacco Smoke Causes Lung Cancer, Heart Disease, Emphysema, And May Complicate Pregnancy. Did you know that most people are at the risk of dying from just breathing the air around them? Every day at least ninety-five percent of American people suffer from (E.T.S.) Environmental Tobacco Smoke, or more commonly known as second hand smoke. For those that are not familiar with what second hand smoke is let me explain it to you. Second hand smoke is a mixture of the smoke exhaled by smokers and the smoke that comes from the burning ends of cigarettes, cigars, and pipes. This smoke contains about 4,000 substances in which about fifty percent of these toxic substances can cause cancer and other bodily problems. Environmental Tobacco Smoke has been a problem for many years, but through intense research from many physicians, non-smokers are finally getting the respect they deserve. Smokers now have to smoke outside of public places. While some non-smokers ignore the dangers involved with tobacco smoke others are struggling to live another day. Environmental Tobacco Smoke is made up of both a gas phase and a particulate phase. Together they include more than 4,000 substances. Automatic tobacco-puffing machines have been invented to collect and to study the smoke. In recent years studies have shown us the most hazardous of these chemicals. Tar is considered the deadliest of all the substances. Other chemicals found in tobacco smoke that are hazardous to us are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carboxyhemoglobin, and nicotine (Mendelson and Mello 33-35). During the burning process of tobacco the tip of the burning cone (the center of the pipe, cigarette, and or cigar) reaches a temperature of nearly 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit during a puff. This tiny blast furnace results in a miniature chemical plant, which uses the hundreds of available materials to produce many more. In fact, some of the most important part of tobacco smoke (including tar and carbon monoxide) are not even present in an unburned phase of a tobacco product, but rather are produced when a puff is taken (Mendelson and Mello 37-38). Other studies have shown that indoor environmental tobacco smoke changes the tobacco substance in the gas phase. As tobacco smoke is discharged into an indoor environment, diluted, re-circulated within and vented from the indoor environment, changes occur in both its chemical makeup phases. Making the gas phase substance more harmful than being in a outdoor environment (Ecobichon and Wu 3-4). Tobacco products produce two kinds of smoke, mainstream and sidestream. Mainstream smoke is the smoke that smokers inhale into their lungs. Sidestream smoke is the smoke that is exhaled by the smoker. The average smoker inhales ten two-second puffs of mainstream smoke from the tobacco product they are smoking. As the cigarette, pipe, or cigar sits it releases waves of sidestream smoke into the air. According to some scientists, sidestream smoke is even more dangerous than mainstream smoke. In a recent article produced by the Iowa Medical Society it states that sidestream smoke contains five times the carbon monoxide, three times the tar and nicotine, and up to fifty times the number of carcinogens found in mainstream smoke. A study reported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences confirms that second-hand smoke contains up to fifty times more carcinogens (Ling et al. 92). Carcinogens are described in the Webster's dictionary as being a substance that produces a mal ignant tumor, or cancer in a living cell (Landoll et al. 71). In today's society people are aware that tobacco smoke is unhealthy, but most choose not to become concerned with what this chemical does to their bodies. With the amount of smokers in today's society, Environmental Tobacco Smoke has diluted are air with thousands of chemicals that causes severe damage to both our inner and exterior body components. Doctor Ameron of Atlanta Georgia writes that six out of ten non-smokers will end up with reduced lung functioning and or upper or lower respiratory problems. According to Ameron, secondhand smoke is even more dangerous than mainstream smoke. He also states that breathing tobacco smoke can aggravate the condition of people with allergies or with lung, heart, or respiratory problems. Sufferers with chronic bronchitis and emphysema, for instance, are

Why Go to This College Sample Essay Writing Service?

Why Go to This College Sample Essay Writing Service?Many times you are wondering why go to this college sample essay writing service. If you do not have the time or inclination to write your own essays then you should hire the services of a professional writer to make your writing more impressive and to ensure that it is both readable and interesting.By hiring the services of a professional writer, you will be in a position to earn more than the average amount, as you are prepared to give them proper credit when they write your paper for you. You may not expect to write for a long period of time and if you do this, your research may not turn out as good as you had hoped.One of the reasons for choosing this service is that they can help you with a generic college essay that can be completed within a few days and you can save a lot of money by doing this. You will need to pay some amount before the service is provided. In some cases, they will work out a contract for you to follow to a void any confusion in the future.There are some points to consider before using this service. Firstly, you need to make sure that you choose a service that has a proven track record. Your experience may tell you whether or not this service is reputable and reliable or not.Also, check on whether the college sample essay is from a major source and if they can provide you with feedback and hints as to how you can improve the topic and format of your essay. This is essential in writing the best essay you have ever written.The next factor to consider is how much you can afford to spend on the college essay writing service. You must check whether they have any kind of limit for the amount you pay or how much paper you can order. This way, you can ensure that you are getting the best possible price you can afford.Lastly, you need to get the college sample essay into a format that will help you achieve your aims and objectives, but one which is suitable for your college requirements. Keep t his in mind and you can have the best essay writing service available to you.

Free Essays on Ashante Indians

ashanti.com.au/ History of the Ashanti People Asante (Ashanti) History Much of the modern nation of Ghana was dominated from the late 17th through the late 19th century by a state known as Asante. Asante was the largest and most powerful of a series of states formed in the forest region of southern Ghana by people known as the Akan. Among the factors leading the Akan to form states, perhaps the most important was that they were rich in gold. In the 15th and 16th centuries, gold-seeking traders came to Akan country not only from the great Songhay empire (in the modern Republic of Mali) and the Hausa cities of northern Nigeria, but also from Europe. After the Portuguese built the first European fort in tropical Africa at El Mina in 1482, the stretch of the Atlantic coast now in Ghana became known in Europe as the Gold Coast. Akan entrepreneurs used gold to purchase slaves from both African and European traders. Indeed, while Europeans would eventually ship at least twelve million slaves to the Americas (the estimates vary between 20 - 40 million people who were sent to the Americas as slaves from West Africa by European slave traders), they initially became involved in slave trading by selling African slaves to African purchasers. The Portuguese supplied perhaps 12,000 slaves to Akan country between 1500 and 1535, and continued selling slaves from Sao Tome and Nigeria to the Gold Coast throughout the 16th century. Before Benin imposed a ban on slave exports, a Portuguese slave trader reported that at Benin they purchased, "a great number of slaves who were bartered very profitably at El Mina. The labour of these slaves enabled the Akan to expand gold production by developing deep-level mining in addition to panning alluvial soils. Even more importantly, slave labor enabled the Akan to undertake the immensely laborious task of clearing the dense forests of southern Ghana for farming. The most prominent historian of Asante, ... Free Essays on Ashante Indians Free Essays on Ashante Indians ashanti.com.au/ History of the Ashanti People Asante (Ashanti) History Much of the modern nation of Ghana was dominated from the late 17th through the late 19th century by a state known as Asante. Asante was the largest and most powerful of a series of states formed in the forest region of southern Ghana by people known as the Akan. Among the factors leading the Akan to form states, perhaps the most important was that they were rich in gold. In the 15th and 16th centuries, gold-seeking traders came to Akan country not only from the great Songhay empire (in the modern Republic of Mali) and the Hausa cities of northern Nigeria, but also from Europe. After the Portuguese built the first European fort in tropical Africa at El Mina in 1482, the stretch of the Atlantic coast now in Ghana became known in Europe as the Gold Coast. Akan entrepreneurs used gold to purchase slaves from both African and European traders. Indeed, while Europeans would eventually ship at least twelve million slaves to the Americas (the estimates vary between 20 - 40 million people who were sent to the Americas as slaves from West Africa by European slave traders), they initially became involved in slave trading by selling African slaves to African purchasers. The Portuguese supplied perhaps 12,000 slaves to Akan country between 1500 and 1535, and continued selling slaves from Sao Tome and Nigeria to the Gold Coast throughout the 16th century. Before Benin imposed a ban on slave exports, a Portuguese slave trader reported that at Benin they purchased, "a great number of slaves who were bartered very profitably at El Mina. The labour of these slaves enabled the Akan to expand gold production by developing deep-level mining in addition to panning alluvial soils. Even more importantly, slave labor enabled the Akan to undertake the immensely laborious task of clearing the dense forests of southern Ghana for farming. The most prominent historian of Asante, ...

Words for our times - Emphasis

Words for our times Words for our times The latest version of the Collins English Dictionary has just been published, with some interesting new additions, including iPlayer, mankini (after Borats legendary garment), and Twitter. The words that officially enter the language no doubt reflect the influences and preoccupations of our times. So, after looking over this years new entries, I couldnt help but wonder: is the future of English completely ruled by television and technology? Well, not completely. The explosion of the social media trend definitely makes its mark: from the names of key sites to phonetically spelled words and phrases (surely more likely to be instant messaged than looked up) such as heh heh, mwah and soz. However, our cultures growing bent towards greener living is also represented, so we find out that an ecolodge is a sustainable hotel, and to be carborexic is to be a person obsessed with reducing their carbon footprint. Our fascination with celebrity-inspired trends combines neatly with the reality of living in the current economy in the word frugalista: a person who tries to stay fashionably dressed on a budget. This does beg the question: does anyone actually use these words? Or have the writers at Collins just been having fun making them up? Still, the question of technologys power over the way we write (and speak) could be greater than we realise. As a society increasingly melded to our PCs, iPhones and MacBooks, our use of grammar could come to be ruled by Microsoft Words occasionally erratic placing of squiggly lines. But thats another story

Behavioral, Cognitive, and Constructivist Theories of Learning Essay

Behavioral, Cognitive, and Constructivist Theories of Learning - Essay Example Learning has always played an important role in the lives of human beings. It is only because of learning that human kind is able to enter the recent boosting of technological development. For learning, human kind has always developed certain methodologies and learning theories that can be employed for successful learning. The learning theories that are quite well known are behaviorism, constructivism and cognitivism. Learning can be assessed by the transformation of a person, which is considered by all the above mentioned theories. The learning theories of behaviorism, constructivism and cognitivism regard knowledge as acquirable and identify various ways with the help of which, a person is able to learn in this world. This paper takes into consideration the critical features of behavioral, constructivist and cognitive theories of learning. According to the learning theory of behaviorism, the knowledge that a person keeps or attains by means of experience or rationality can be assessed by means of change of behavior (Gredler, 2005). When a person attains knowledge, his/her behavior changes with the acquisition of knowledge. The behaviorism philosophy can be defined as a philosophy that deals with the transformation of behavior as an indication of learning (Vaill, 1996). Therefore, in behaviorism learning theory deals with the transformation of behavior of an individual as a sign of his/her learning. Learning theory of behaviorism regards learning as wholly external. The behaviorist theory of teaching is more concerned to theoretical knowledge and the teacher divides the learning tasks into chunks and then instructs the students to learn the divided tasks one by one (Vaill, 1996). The teachers’ skills are needed in terms of direct teaching in the behaviorist theory. The students are not only taught but they are also asked to do practice that

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About water use information in Castle Rock, Colorado - Research Paper Example The water consumption in Castle Rock varies by time of year. It increases by 400 percent in summer months in comparison to winter season as people use huge amount in watering their lawns. There are 50 wells in Castle Rock having depth of more than 2000 feet. These wells are capable of producing 18.5 million gallons of water per day. The raw water is filtered and disinfected with chlorine to get rid of bacteria in the water. Castle Rock has 15 tanks spread throughout the town to store 36 million gallons of water (Water Conservation 2011). Watering restrictions in Castle Rock is continuing since 1985. That was mainly to manage peak water demand for watering rather to conserve water consumption. It mainly aimed at specific hours/every-third-day watering program starting from the month of May through the month of September. Castle Rock offers water conservation rebate programs and some of them can be described as rotary nozzles, smartscape renovation, high efficiency clothes washers, rain sensors, and smart controllers (Water Conservation 2011). Castle Rock administration is taking all necessary steps to reduce the consumption of water by providing not only efficient equipments but also organizing workshops to help citizens reduce the consumption of water specifically during summer

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Discrimination of Immigrants in 1920's America Beginning in the early nineteenth century there were massive waves of immigration. These "new" immigants were largely from Italy, Russia, and Ireland. There was a mixed reaction to these incomming foreigners. While they provided industries with a cheap source of labor, Americans were both afraid of, and hostile towards these new groups. They differed from the "typical American" in language, customs, and religion. Many individuals and industries alike played upon America's fears of immigration to further their own goals. Leuchtenburg follows this common theme from the beginning of World War I up untill the election of 1928. If there was one man who singlely used America's fear of immigrants to advance his own political goals it was Attorney General Palmer. The rise of Communism in Russia created a fear of its spread across Europe, and to America. Palmer tied this fear to that of immigration. He denounced labor unions, the Socialist party, and the Communist party in America, as being infultrated with radicals who sought to overturn America's political, economic, and social institutions. Palmer exasperated this fear in Americans and then presented himself as the country's savior, combatting the evils of Communism. He mainly centered his attack on Russian immigrants. During the infamous Palmer raids thousands of aliens were deported and even more were arrested on little or no evidence. Their civil liberties were violated, they were not told the reasons for their arrests, denied counsel, and not given fair trials. What followed was an investigation of Palmer led by Louis Post which overturned many of Palmer's actions. Palmer's cretability was shattered after in a last minute attempt to gain the 1920 presidencial nomination, he made predictions about a May Day radical uprising, the nation perpared itself, but on May 1st 1920 all was peaceful. While the raids had stopped, the hostilities towards immagrants still remained prevelent. Immigrants were used by organized industries as a source of cheap labor. But as labor unions began to form and push for better pay, shorter hours, and improved working conditions industries saw that it was not as easy to exploit these immigrants as it had been before. Like Palmer, they tied the American's hostilities towards immigrants to the newly emerging fear of radicalism. When workers struck, industry leaders turned public opinion agains them by labling the strikes as attemps at radical uprising. As a result, workers were often left with no other choice than to accept the terms of industry management. The fight for prohabition was aided by America's antagonism for immigrants. Protestants and "old-stock" Americans attempted to link alchol

Does Living in a Same Sex Home Effect How a Child Will Grow Up

Winters 1 Jynai Winters 16 November 2012 Psychology 100 Sabrina Does Same-Sex parenting affect a child? I choose this topic because I love children and I don't like to see children hurting. I also choose it because I always wondered if it made a difference if a child grows up in a heterosexual home or living in homosexual home.Another reason why I choose to do this topic is because a lot of people believe that homosexual parents are not fit to rise their children if they come from a heterosexual relationship however, they do not have any proof that they are unfit for parenting their children and people do not like the fact that a child is growing up around homosexual activity and they also believe that if they grow up with a homosexual parent that they will not have choice about their sexuality.The earliest known idea about developmental psychology was presented by Jean Jacques Rousseau around the late 18th century. Developmental psychology studies the human growth and development th at occurs throughout the entire life span. Most people that studies this field focuses on one stage of development. There are seven stages of life that they could choose from; they are Infancy, Childhood, Adolescence, Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood, Other Adults and Developmental Disabilities. To become a psychologist you must earn a Bachelors degree in psychology.However you must have a Master's or doctoral before you start working as a psychologist. Most psychologists often work in schools and learning centers. They could also work in hospitals, mental facilities and nursing homes. They are even a few psychologists that work at colleges and for the government as teachers or to do perform research. Winters 2 A developmental psychologist salary depends on their training, geographic location and the work setting. Usually psychologist make between $69,007 and $90,326 a year.There are also those few that make more than $101,088 per year. As a psychologist some of their task will inc luded evaluating children to determine if they have a developmental disability, investigating how language skills are acquired, studying how moral reasoning develops in children and finally exploring ways to help elderly individuals remain independent. Most developmentalists study and research contextual influences that impact change such as socioeconomic conditions, culture, and genetics.There are many other changes that developmentalists study which are family, parenting style, divorce, friends, religion physical and mental abuse and educational levels. My research will focus on the Boswell vs. Boswell case of 1998, the Bottoms vs. Bottoms case of 1995 and also the Huggins interview of 1989. I will also talk about the Wainright, Russell, and Patterson 2004 study, the King and Black study of 1994, the MacCallum & Golombok of 2004, Vanfraussen study of 2002, the Fulcher of 2008, and finally the Patterson study of 1992 and 2000.The first study I will talk about is Huggins's 1989 and O'Connell of 1993. The small body of research that has focused on adolescent offspring of families headed by same-sex couples includes Huggins's (1989) study of 36 adolescents (13–19 years old, 18 with divorced heterosexual mothers and 18 with divorced lesbian mothers), which reported no differences in adolescent self-esteem as a function of mothers' sexual orientation. In another early study, O'Connell (1993) studied 11 young men and women, 16–23 years old, were the offspring of divorced or separated lesbian mothers.Participants expressed strong love, loyalty, and protectiveness toward their mothers and a desire for others to understand the benefits of having a lesbian mother. Participants, however, also Winters 3 described concerns about losing friends, and some described attempts to control information about their mothers' sexual orientation. These two studies were about how the child felt after their parents divorced. The Huggins's study reported that the children that they had no difference in their self-esteem.While the O’Connell study reported that the children showed strong love, loyalty and protectiveness towards their mother's. However, both studies showed that the children lost friends and some children even tried to hide their mother's sexual orientation. Wainright, Russell, and Patterson (2004) reported a study of family and relationship variables on the one hand, and adolescent personal and social adjustment on the other. They studied adjustment in a sample of 44 teenagers (12–18 years old) with same-sex parents and a matched sample of 44 teenagers with opposite-sex parents.On a range of psychosocial outcomes including depressive symptoms, anxiety, and school adjustment, Wainright and her colleagues found no significant differences as a function of family type same-sex or opposite-sex parents. Among their findings they found that there were no significant effects for family type on adolescent reports of sexual behavior or romantic relationships. Wainright and her colleagues did, however, find significant associations between parental perception of parent–adolescent relationship quality and adolescent school adjustment.Similar findings were reported for delinquency, substance use, and victimization by Wainright and Patterson (2006). The Wainright, Russell, and Patterson study talks about family and relationship vs. adolescent personal and social adjustment. The results to the study was that there was no significant difference as a function as a family, there was also no significant effect for the family type with sexual behavior or romantic relationship. However, they did find that there was difference between parental perception and school adjustment. Winters 4The few negative findings for children with two mothers were equivocal. Teachers in a Belgian study (Vanfraussen et al. , 2002) reported more attention and behavior problems for such children (about a half standard deviation differen ce), but this did not match teachers' ratings of the children's adjustment, and neither the children nor their mothers concurred. A second more plausible finding was that such children reported being teased about their families more, but this speaks to social disapproval of their parents' sexual identity rather than their gender.Researchers consistently find that children with lesbian parents contend with homophobia among their peers, but disagree over whether these children suffer more teasing overall or if the teasing focuses on their parents' sexual identity (Bos et al. , 2008; Tasker ; Golombok, 1997; Wainright ; Patterson, 2008). The only clear negative finding appeared in the first wave of the UK study of fatherless families described above (Golombok et al. , 1997).Six-year-old children in mother-only families (whether lesbian or heterosexual) described themselves as less competent physically and cognitively than their peers (0. 75 SD averaging the two), but the difference dis appeared when the children were interviewed again 6 years later (MacCallum ; Golombok, 2004). Because this study did not control for the number of parents in mother-only families, it could not help us determine whether the absence of a male parent or just of a second parent contributed to the lower self-esteem the younger children expressed.The Vanfraussen study of 2002 was one of the two studies that show that the children will misbehave if they live with a homosexual parent. However, when asked by the teachers they said the child is a good child and does not misbehave, they asked their parent too and they give the same answer. So this study is not a really good study because their results did prove the opposite of what they stated. Should a parent’s sexual identity be considered relevant in deciding a child’s best Winters 5 interest, for purposes of child custody and visitation?Answers to this question have shown tremendous variability from one jurisdiction to anothe r. In some states, such as Massachusetts and California, parental sexual orientation is considered irrelevant to custody and visitation disputes. In these states, a connection, or nexus, must be demonstrated between a parent’s sexual orientation, on the one hand, and a negative outcome for the child, on the other. Because a connection of this type can be difficult to establish, nexus rules have often resulted in judgments favorable to lesbian and gay parents.For instance, in Boswell v. Boswell (1998), a Maryland visitation case, the court refused to limit children’s visitation with their gay father in the presence of his same-sex partner because there was no evidence of harm to the children from such visitation. The Boswell vs. Boswell case of 1998 a father was limited to see his children because of his sexuality, so he took his wife to court and the judge agreed with him because there was no evidence that the child would be harm because of their father's sexuality. In a custody case involving a lesbian mother ( Bottoms v.Bottoms, 1995), for example, the Virginia Supreme Court reiterated its earlier holding that a lesbian mother is not unfit as a matter of law but included the mother’s sexual orientation among factors considered to make her an undesirable parent. Thus, in some states, lesbian and gay parents must overcome formal or informal presumptions that their sexual identities make them less than ideal parents. With the case of Bottoms vs. Bottoms the judge agreed in the favor of the mother because her sexuality did not make her unfit parent, it just made her an undesirable parent.I know has nothing to do with a child but I just wanted to show how a parent is sometimes looked upon as an unfit parent just because of their sexuality. In connection with this bias, Patterson, who would later serve as sole author of the Winters 6 2005 APA Brief’s â€Å"Summary of Research Findings on Lesbian and Gay Families†, reported: Despi te the diversity of gay and lesbian communities, both in the United States and abroad, samples of children and parents have been relatively homogeneous†¦. Samples for which demographic information was reported have been described as predominantly Caucasian, well-educated, and middle to upper class.In spite of the privileged and homogeneous nature of the non-representative samples employed in the studies at that time, Patterson’s (1992) conclusion was as follows: Despite shortcomings in the studies, however, results of existing research comparing children of gay or lesbian parents with those of heterosexual parents are extraordinarily clear, and they merit attention†¦ There is no evidence to suggest that psychosocial development among children of gay men or lesbians is compromised in any respect relative to that among offspring of heterosexual parents.Patterson’s conclusion in a 2000 review was essentially the same: Central results of existing research on lesb ian and gay couples and families with children are exceptionally clear. The home environments provided by lesbian and gay parents are just as likely as those provided by heterosexual parents to enable psychosocial growth among family members. The Patterson study was about showing if homosexual parents make a difference with how the child is raised or affected.There results showed that there was no evidence that showed that the development among children of gay or lesbian is compromised compared to the offspring of heterosexual parents. Then they looked back at the study in 2000 and found that home environment is just as likely to have the same problem no matter if the parents are lesbian, gay or heterosexual. Associative stigmatization of children with lesbian mothers might be expected, based on the degree of stigmatization directed toward the parents. Although there seems to be a growing willingness among Americans to extend basic civil liberties to gay Winters 7 en and lesbians (H erek, 1991), stigma is still associated with same-gender sexual orientations (Herek, Kimmel, Amaro, & Melton, 1991), and researchers agree that negative attitudes toward gay men and lesbians are widespread (Kite, 1994). This study talks about stigmatization against children whose parents are homosexual and also how Americans still have attitudes against homosexual. It was also saying that people attitudes towards to homosexual affects the child because the child is thinking that their parent is not liked be anyone because who they are.Other researchers have noted that children brought up in a two-adult home, regardless of the gender of the adults, are in better emotional health than those raised by single parents, and that lesbian mothers who live with a partner are at a psychological advantage over single lesbian mothers. In addition to these indications that custody contingent on the absence of a live-in partner for the mother is not in the child's best interests, there is no evid ence in the current study that potential stigmatization is increased by the presence of a female partner.Some researchers have shown that children that are brought up in two-adult homes are better in emotional health than those raised by single parents. It also showed that lesbian mothers that live with a partner are at a advantage over a single lesbian mother because there is no evidence that shows that the potential of stigmatization will increased by the presence of a female partner. Children may indeed be stigmatized or embarrassed at times because of characteristics of their parents — not just children of lesbians, but children of a variety of non-traditional parents.That a parent is of a racial, political, or religious minority, is poor, has a physical impairment, or is otherwise different is not usually considered sufficient reason for denying that parent custody of a child (Falk, 1989). The same stigmatization argument that was used by courts 20 years ago to deny cust ody to women who married interracially after a divorce is now being used to deny custody to lesbian mothers. Winters 8 However in this study did show that children will be stigmatized and embarrassed because of their parents characteristic, but not just children f lesbians any child can be embarrassed or stigmatized by someone. Another thing is that with the custody of a child a mother or father could not be denied custody just because of their sexuality. The Falk study founded that perceptual stigmatization of children of divorced lesbians does occur; it was not designed to address the magnitude of that stigmatization. In related work on relational stigmatization, Falk have found that a majority of college students are willing to interact in relationships with children of lesbians, although willingness decreases as intimacy of relationship increases.As Falk has pointed out, legal decision-makers may be overemphasizing the severity of stigmatization toward children in the custody of lesbian mothers. Two types of studies would be informative in addressing this concern. One would seek to identify the number of participants in any given sample who are likely to stigmatize children of lesbians and would explore characteristics of these individuals that may be correlated with a tendency to engage in stigmatization. Another would compare attitudes toward children of lesbian mothers with actual interaction with these children.Future research on this topic should also utilize samples that are more demographically diverse, particularly In terms of age and education. Community samples, for example, may differ from college samples in their likelihood to stigmatize lesbians and their children. Even though a few of the studies of stereotyping and attitudes toward homosexuals that used both college and community samples found little difference between groups, this finding may or may not extend to children of lesbians.Based on the published science, one could argue that two women parent better on average than a woman and a man, or at least than a woman and man with a traditional division of family labor. Lesbian co parents seem to outperform comparable married heterosexual, biological parents on several measures, even while being denied the substantial privileges of marriage. This seems to be attributable partly to selection effects and partly to women on average exceeding men in parenting investment and skills. Family structure modifies these differences in parenting.Married heterosexual fathers typically score lowest on parental involvement and skills, but as with Dustin Hoffman's character in the 1979 film Kramer v. Kramer, they improve notably when faced with single or primary parenthood. Winters 9 The science world has shown that two women can out parent a married heterosexual couples on several different measures, even though being denied the privilege of getting married. In a heterosexual relationship the father usually scores the lowest in pare ntal involvement and skills however, in a homosexual relationship both parents pass parental involvement and skill part.One thing they did notice was that the father usually increased his score when he is faced with single or primary parenthood. In conclusion, from my research it has shown that a child can live in a same sex home and not be affected by his or her parent’s sexuality. The only thing they will have to deal with is being teased however; ever child is teased at some point in their life. The only thing that is being learned is that you cannot judge a parent because of their sexuality. I would also say that you cannot judge a child because of their parent’s sexuality.A child really does not really understand what the difference is between homosexual and heterosexual relationship. The child only knows that they have two parents that love them, so why would you try to change their vision of their family, if the child is happy let them be because they are innoce nt. Finally future research should focus on how the parent is affected. They could also survey the children when they get older and see how they felt growing up in a same sex home. Another thing they could do is see how they raise their children and how they grow up helped them choose on how they raise them.These are just some things they could do in the future if they ever research this topic again. Winters 10 Works Cited Biblarz, Timothy J. â€Å"How Does Gender of Parents Matter. † ProQuest. Pro Quest, Feb. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. Cherry, Kendra. â€Å"What Is a Developmental Psychologist. † Psychology. About. com, n. d. Web. 16 Nov. 2012. â€Å"Developmental Psychology Careers. † CareersInPsychology. org. CareersInPsychology. org,64ed n. d. Web. 16 Nov. 2012. â€Å"Developmental Psychology. † The Psychology Career Center. AllPsychologyCareers. com, n. d. Web. 16 Nov. 2012. King, Beverly R. College Students's Perceptual Stigmatization of the Children of Lesbian Mothers. † ProQuest. Pro Quest, Apr. 1999. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. Loren, Marks. â€Å"Same Sex Parenting and Children's Outcomes: A Closer Examination of the American Psychological Association's Brief on Lesbian and Gay Parenting. † ScienceDirect. com. ScienceDirect. com, July 2012. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. Patterson, Charlotte J. â€Å"Children of Lesbian and Gay Parents. † ProQuest. Pro Quest, Nov. 2009. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. Wainright, Jennifer L. â€Å"Peer Relations among Adolescents with Female Same-sex Parents. † ProQuest. ProQuest, Jan. 2008. Web. 14 Nov. 2012.